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HCMG101 Health Care System Question: Four types of healthcare were covered in last week’s course materials: ambulatory healthcare; hospitals; long-term care; and mental and behavioral health. For each of these types of healthcare: Explain the role it provides in providing healthcare services to individuals in a community, Describe its strengths and weaknesses, and Give examples of economic or political forces that affect its effectiveness and efficiency. Answer: Types Of Healthcare Ambulatory healthcare has a role of offering medical care on an outpatient basis, and the patients are not admitted to a healthcare facility. These services can be offered in various settings like hospital outpatient departments, surgical centers, or dialysis clinics. The advantage of ambulatory healthcare is the ability to provide fast care especially in the case of an emergency (Rondinelli, Omery, Crawford, & Johnson, 2014). However, patients might develop complications in ambulatory health care. Some patients might have complications that cannot be handled in this health care. The employment rate is the economic force that impacts the efficiency of the ambulatory. When many providers are employed, ambulatory will be more efficient. Hospitals have the objective of offering general or specialized treatment to patients. A general hospital is the most common kind of hospital that contains an emergency department to address emergencies. Specialized hospitals have a role offering various services such as rehabilitation and psychiatric services. The advantage of hospitals is the availability of trained staff, advanced technology, and medical equipment. The weakness of hospitals is the prevalence of medical errors that escalate the patient’s outcome. Health insurance policies are the political forces that affect the efficiency of hospitals. For instance, political influence on Korean National Health Insurance (NHI) impact access to care in hospitals (Kang, Jang, Lee, & Park, 2012). Long-term care has the objective of offering preventive and non-skilled care to patients. Nurses have a role in managing the symptoms of patients and improving self-management. Specific roles might include support for physical activity and diet control. Besides, long-term care has the objective of restoring self-management. The advantage of long-term control is offering care for patients with chronic conditions. The weakness of this care is the need for highly trained personnel. Long-term care is affected by government decisions on funding. Mental and behavioral health function is to manage and treat patients with mental disorders. This kind of healthcare has a role in restoring the normal behavior and mental functionality of patients. Mental health illnesses are a leading cause of disability globally (Goodrich, Kilbourne, Nord, & Bauer, 2013). Hence, nursing role aims to prevent adverse outcomes for mentally ill patients. The main advantage of this kind of healthcare is caring and treating the mentally challenged people in the community. However, long-term care is expensive mainly for patients from low socioeconomic backgrounds. The level of funding is the economic force that affects the efficiency of this healthcare. References Goodrich, D. E., Kilbourne, A. M., Nord, K. M., & Bauer, M. S. (2013). Mental Health Collaborative Care and Its Role in Primary Care Settings. Current psychiatry reports , 15 (8), 383. Kang, M. S., Jang, H. S., Lee, M., & Park, E. C. (2012). Sustainability of Korean National Health Insurance. Journal of Korean Medical Science , 27 (Suppl), S21-S24. Rondinelli, J. L., Omery, A. K., Crawford, C. L., & Johnson, J. A. (2014). Self-Reported Activities and Outcomes of Ambulatory Care Staff Registered Nurses: An Exploration. The Permanente Journal , 18 (1), e108.

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